REKONSTRUKSI MAKNA HADIS KEKERASAN: ANALISIS HERMENEUTIKA DOUBLE MOVEMENT FAZLUR RAHMAN
Abstract
This study aims to reinterpret hadiths related to violence and reconstruct the concept of non-violence through the hermeneutical framework of Fazlur Rahman. Employing a qualitative approach with library research methods, this study applies the double movement theory, which consists of two analytical steps: moving from text to historical context and from context to universal moral values. The findings reveal that hadiths on violence should not be understood literally as universal commands, but rather as contextual responses to specific historical circumstances during the Prophet’s time. Through the second movement, the study identifies core ethical principles such as the limitation of violence, protection of life, and the promotion of justice. Therefore, non-violence is not an external concept but an inherent part of Islamic ethics. This study concludes that the hermeneutics of Fazlur Rahman provides a contextual, humanistic, and relevant approach to understanding hadith in contemporary society.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mereinterpretasi hadis-hadis yang berkaitan dengan kekerasan serta merekonstruksi konsep anti-kekerasan dalam perspektif hermeneutika Fazlur Rahman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan, serta kerangka teori double movement yang menekankan dua gerakan: dari teks ke konteks historis, dan dari konteks ke nilai moral universal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hadis-hadis kekerasan tidak dapat dipahami secara literal sebagai perintah universal, melainkan sebagai respons terhadap situasi historis tertentu pada masa Nabi. Melalui gerakan kedua, ditemukan bahwa nilai utama dari hadis adalah pembatasan kekerasan, perlindungan jiwa, dan penegakan keadilan. Dengan demikian, konsep anti-kekerasan dalam hadis merupakan bagian inheren dari etika Islam. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa hermeneutika Fazlur Rahman mampu menghasilkan pemahaman hadis yang kontekstual, humanis, dan relevan dengan tantangan sosial kontemporer.
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